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AM. PHDT' LITHO, C0. N.Y. (OSBDRN E'S PROCESS.)

s elevation of one end.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN sTUiLnwoEjl rHInAnELrHin;,rENNsrnvANIE SAWMILL.

Specification of Letters Patent No. `1`1`,4`44,`da,te`d. August 1, 1854.

' To aZZfwwmmay concern: i i

Be it known that I, JOHN Sronmof Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have Yinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Savvinills; and I do hereby declare that the saine aredescribed and representedin the following specifications and drawings.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improvements `I Will proceedl to describe their construction and use referring to the drawings in which the same letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.`

Figure l, is a plan or topvievv. `Fig.`2, is an elevation of one side. Fig. 3, is -an j In the above mentioned drawings A A are n sills to which the Ways B B are fastened `vvhich Ways are grooved to receive the` ribs 20` on the under side of theicarriage rails C C,

which rails are connected by the `head blockV D which is fastened to them` and the tail block D which is fitted to traverse upon` them and may be fastened inthe desired positionby thekey E. The square shaft F is lit-ted toturn in; the dial Gr which is fastened to the head block D, the shaft F being provided with a spring crank by which it is turnedr and secured in the required position.` There isa `traversing standiI on each of these blocks `.connected to the `racks I which are provided with flanges represented in dotted lines Which flanges `traverse in horizontal grooves in the blocks when the `racks are moved by the pinions J J on Jthe shaft F. The pinion J in the tail block D is fitted to tra-verseifreely on the shaft F (which shaft is made square) and the `pinion is provided with gudgeons which turn in boxes fastenedto the underside of the tail block for that purpose. i y

The log to besawed may be fastened to the standsgI I by somedogs put through the holes in the stands for that purpose or by the hook `dogs J or both. s

The floor K represented in Figs. 2 andS between the sills A and Ways B may be made i, to cover the sills entirely or otherwise; on` this floor the bars L L are placed inthe p0-` sition represented with their ends over the sills AVA to which they are fastened by the bolts a a which extend up through the blocks b b and bals 0` and. top bars L? L* also ithroughthe barsM M Which are arranged` night over the sills AA and secured nuts ias? represented. The bars M Mare con-` lnected by the bars N N iNz so` asA toform a frame around the saw O,fastened to the lshaft P,`Which is fitted to turn in,` boxes fas- `tened to the bars'L2 and N when it is ro: tated by` a` belt applied to the pulley Qnvvhich l is fastened; to the shaft` P.

l i .'Ihe saw O` is turned in the direction in` e AdicatedA by the arrovv,` and is Supported and Esteadied as` it enters the log by the guides :cZ Z fastened intothe bars N` N for lthat purlpose. The cone of pulleys R are fastened to.;

ithe shaft P and carry the belt S to operate lpinion e fastened: to it to drive thegear U- 'and shaft,` V which has` a pinion fastened 1 `Which acts] on the rack (fastened t0l the. under side of the railC)l and traverses the rails and blocks -vvhich constitutethe car-` riageunder the savv.` The shaft T has one` `journal in the bar L and the otherin the traversing bar X which` sfitted `to tra-verse `in brackets fastened to theiioor K, and is loperatedby the lever which passesthrough` `itand` has its fulcruin in thebar Z fastened to the sills A, so as to` vibrate` the shaftMT to disengage the pinion@ from the `wheel U` and stop` the carriage.

bar L and the other in `a` boX fastenedto the floor K behind the Wheel U,mso.arranged that "the pinipnfwhich acts upon the. rack is` fastened to the end of the the boX `and bearing;

Thelever fvibrates on a pin in thebar N2 and traverses the bar g which carries a small binding pulley z, to tighten the belt@` from.-

the pulleys T andShaftT which hasjthef The shaft V. has one `of bearings inthe shaft V `beyond the shaft P to the` pulley'` jv'vhich is fastened tothevvheel Uto turn it and; the shaft V` `in the opposite direction anclfrun` the carriage and'log back;v after it has been run1 forvvardby Jthe` pinion e acting upon the Wheel Il. l the brackets 70 fastened to the bars M,

The revolving self acting Wedge Z is made in the` form represented, that is thin at the edge, gradually increasing `in thickness to-` Wa'rd the shaft' m which turns in the swing- The` bar g is tted to traverse in ing frame 71, `Which vibrates upon the pin p, Whichconnects itto the bracket g. fasterwolY t@ the bari Ma, this revolving Wedge Z is to roll in the score cut by the saw and prevent the log from springing together, so as to close the score and bind the saw; or it may be made so heavy, or vweight may be applied to the frame to press it into the score, and force it open so as to let the saw run freely. This Wedge Z will rise and fall and adjust itself to any irregularity in the surface of the log.

The bars r 7^ are fastened to the rails C C to which bars the floats or scrapers S S are hung so as to rise and pass over the saw dust when the carriage moves in one direction; and so as to fall and push the saw dust along before them, when the motion of the carriagev is reversed; these floats may be arranged so .as to push the saw dust which falls between the ways B B in either direction as desired. y

In order to saw crooked timber and make the saw Acut its full depth in crooked parts of the timber I make a frame which is represented in Figs. 5 and 6, and hang it to the sills A A (which may be arranged two feet or more below the sills A A) so that itwill vibrate. `This frame consists of the rails B B Connected to the sills A A by the hinges t upon these rails` the blocks o b o o', Src., are piled for the frame around the saw to rest upon which consists of the bars u u u2 connected. by the bars v o which are placed upon the top of u and u2 and thebolts a a which pass through the bars rails and b-locks hold the whole together. n i

The say `shaft P turns in boxes fastened to the bars u and u and carries the Vsaw O which is supported and steadied by the guides CZ d when it enters the log to saw it'on'e of which guides is fastened in the bar u and the other in the bar "w3 parallel to ufon the opposite side of the saw. The

u pulleyw on the shaft P carries the belt w which operates the pulley m and shaft m which shaft is provided with a cone of pulleys y, and a pulley a, the fo-rmer carryland thelatter to'run the carriage back vfor a new cut by means of the belt i which belt is provided with `a small binding pulley arranged on the lever f which may be hung in a bracket fastened to the rail B so as to be operated bythe foot of the attendant. The belts S2 and d are intended to operate the pulleys T and j heretofore described.

The revolving wedge Z is constructed and arranged like the revolving wedge Z hereto fore described. Y

I fasten two standards C C to the sills A and perforate them for the journals of the windlass B2 which is provided with a ratchet Wheel D2v caught bythe pawl E2 which pawl vibrates on'a pin in the part C. There are two hand wheels F F fastened to riage heretofore described and represented is designed to run under this saw and frame it is omitted in this drawing.

In addition to the ropes and weights to hold up the saw and frame there may be some rollers arranged near the saw and tted to turn loose upon the saw shaft and roll along upon the log and hold the saw and allow it to out its full depth in the log by vibrating the frame which supports the saw and graduating it to the crooks in the log being sawed. Or instead of the rollers upon the saw shaft some rollers may be arranged tov turn on studs fastened into the frame either before or behind the saw shaft or both before and behind if it should be found desirable so as to roll upon the log and support the frame in advance of the saw when the log is traversed in either direction. By this arrangement the saw can be operated to cut its full depth in crooked logs as required; besides the frame can be raised and lowered to adapt the saw to logs of different sizes with facility. And further the saw may be made to cut its full depth in the top of a log which is so large that the saw will not cut entirely through it making thescore on the top of the log aording an opportunity for driving wedges so as to split what is not sawed whichrcould not be done conveniently if the log ran over the saw as practised in the mills heretofore made.

If it should be preferred the saw may be arranged in a frame tted to slide up and down in guides instead of being hung upon hinges as heretofore described.

I contemplate that a series of blocks b b (seeFig. 4) lmay be used instead of the bars c' c so as to set the top frame higher or lower by loosening the bolts a a and taking out the blocks and putting them upon the top of the bars M M under the nuts of the bolts a a which may be tightened to secure the whole together; in this way the top frame may be lset higher or lower to suit the size of the under the bars M M between the ways B BV and the wheel U to support the top frame and leave the space beyond thesaw entirely open andunobstructed, so as to facilitate the introduction of the logs and the removal of the lumber; also that small wheels may be used to guide the saw instead of the guides d CZ.

And further that when the saw is arranged vin a swinging or` sliding frame, that instead of the rope and windlass described racks and pinions or levers or some other convenient fixtures may be used to raise and lower the frame as desired.

` The mill having been constructed and completed as above described a log is put upon the carriage and fastened as heretofore described, and the shaft F turned by the crank I'I to place the log as required, and the pivot of the crank inserted in one of the `holes in the dial G to hold it, while the log is traversed under the saw by the motion of the carriage, the saw cutting with the grain of the wood. When the saw has cut once through the log, the operator moves the lever Y s0 as to throw the pinion e out of gear and stop the carriage. He then moves the lever f so as to tighten the belt z' and run the carriage back; when he moves the log by turning the crank II an'd inserting the pin in a new hole 1n the dial G, and moves the lever so as to traverse the carriage forward adapt themselves to the crooks or curvatures of the log being sawed without further at-` tention or assistance from the attendant. `Also that the rails of the swinging frame may be hung above or on a level with the carriage if the railsare made long enough as may be most convenient or desirable.

. The advantages of my improvements are as follows, viz:

1st. The sawcuts `with the grain of the wood instead of against itas heretofore practised; so as to leave the lumber sawed much smoother, and at the sameftime the saw does a given amount of wolrk with far less power than when it is run so as to cut against the grain of the wood.

2d. The guides are arranged so as to support and steady the saw where it enters the log to cut it and not where it escapes from i the log after it has do-ne its service as they have been used heretofore. lVhen the guides are arranged so as to support and steady the saw where it enters the log to cut it the guides prevent the saw from being swerved by knots, cross-grained or hard places in the wood sawed, and enables it to eut much straighter andlsmoother than when they are arranged to support the saw where it leaves the log; 3d. The saw is surrounded by a frame and may be coveredwith a case so that there would beV far 'less danger of the workmen falling upon itwthan when the log runs over the saw.

4th. The head and tail blocks are so constructed as to support the stuff after it is sawed, so that it may remain upon the carriage until the log is all sawed; when it may be turned down and sawed the other way so as to make joist or frame timber as desired.

5th. Floats or serapers may be arranged so as to deliver all the saw dust at the` ends of the ways nearest to the furnace Ior otherwise as desired.

6th. rlhe` revolving wedge follows in the score out by the saw and adjusts itself, relieving the workman from the labor of driving wedges in the score behind the saw.

7th. This mill when made of a moderate size may be transported whole by an ordinary team, and if made large it is so constructed that it can be taken down, removed and set up again with the greatest facility.

8th. The advantages of hanging the saw in a swinging frame are, 1st it adapts the mill to sawing crooked logs into ship-plank,

it will cut a score its full depth in the top of the log thereby affording facilities for splitting` what remains below the cut which `are not attained by mills which have been heretofore constructed.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. A swinging frame, B, or its; equivalent carrying a circular saw, O, so constructed and arranged that the saw may be made or allowed to out its full depth in crooked as well as straight logs `substantially as described.

2. The revolving selfacting wedge Z hung or arranged so as to vibrate and accommodate itself to` any crooks curves or inequalities in the log or stuff sawed substantially as described for the purposes set forth.

3. The floats or Scrapers s s hinged to the carriage, or their equivalents to push the saw dust in such direction as may be desired substantially as described.

. 4. I am aware that guides have been used to steady circular saws where they passed out of the log after cutting the score, and also where they enter a score already cut by the saw; therefore I make no claim to guides usedunder such circumstances. But I believe guides have never been used prior to my invention to steady and support circular 'saw from being sWerVed by knots, cross sws, Where tiey entr and cut the loglas grained or hard places in the Wood sawed.

t ey enter. there ore claim a circu ar saw O in combination with guides a a so ar- JOHN STULL ranged as to steady and support the saw, Witnesses:

Where it enters and cuts a score in the 10g I. DENNIS, Jr.,

substantially as described, to prevent the SAML. GRUBB. 

